Merge branch 'develop'

Algorithm/Clustering/Kmeans.php

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ final class Kmeans
      * Generate the clusters of the points
      *
      * @param PointInterface[] $points   Points to cluster
-     * @param int<0, max>      $clusters Amount of clusters
+     * @param int<1, max>      $clusters Amount of clusters
      *
      * @return void
      *
@@ -140,8 +140,7 @@ final class Kmeans
 
             foreach ($clusterCenters as $center) {
                 for ($i = 0; $i < $coordinates; ++$i) {
-                    // @todo Invalid center coodinate value in like 5 % of the runs
+                    $center->setCoordinate($i, $center->getCoordinate($i) / $center->group);
-                    $center->setCoordinate($i, $center->getCoordinate($i) / ($center->group === 0 ? 1 : $center->group));
                 }
             }
 
@@ -149,7 +148,7 @@ final class Kmeans
             foreach ($points as $point) {
                 $min = $this->nearestClusterCenter($point, $clusterCenters)[0];
 
-                if ($min !== $point->group) {
+                if ($clusters !== $point->group) {
                     ++$changed;
                     $point->group = $min;
                 }
@@ -207,30 +206,41 @@ final class Kmeans
      */
     private function kpp(array $points, int $n) : array
     {
-        $clusters = [clone $points[\mt_rand(0, \count($points) - 1)]];
+        $clusters = [clone $points[\array_rand($points, 1)]];
-        $d        = \array_fill(0, $n, 0.0);
+
+        $d = \array_fill(0, $n, 0.0);
 
         for ($i = 1; $i < $n; ++$i) {
             $sum = 0;
 
             foreach ($points as $key => $point) {
-                $d[$key] = $this->nearestClusterCenter($point, \array_slice($clusters, 0, 5))[1];
+                $d[$key] = $this->nearestClusterCenter($point, $clusters)[1];
                 $sum    += $d[$key];
             }
 
             $sum *= \mt_rand(0, \mt_getrandmax()) / \mt_getrandmax();
 
+            $found = false;
             foreach ($d as $key => $di) {
                 $sum -= $di;
 
-                if ($sum <= 0) {
+                // The in array check is important to avoid duplicate cluster centers
-                    $clusters[$i] = clone $points[$key];
+                if ($sum <= 0 && !\in_array($c = $points[$key], $clusters)) {
+                    $clusters[$i] = clone $c;
+                    $found        = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            while (!$found) {
+                if (!\in_array($c = $points[\array_rand($points)], $clusters)) {
+                    $clusters[$i] = clone $c;
+                    $found        = true;
                 }
             }
         }
 
         foreach ($points as $point) {
-            $point->group = ($this->nearestClusterCenter($point, $clusters)[0]);
+            $point->group = $this->nearestClusterCenter($point, $clusters)[0];
         }
 
         return $clusters;

Algorithm/Graph/MarkovChain.php

@@ -21,9 +21,187 @@ namespace phpOMS\Algorithm\Graph;
  * @license OMS License 2.0
  * @link    https://jingga.app
  * @since   1.0.0
- *
- * @todo Implement
  */
 final class MarkovChain
 {
+    /**
+     * Order of the markov chain
+     *
+     * @var int
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    private int $order = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Trained data
+     *
+     * @var array
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    private array $data = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor
+     *
+     * @param int $order Order of the markov chain
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function __construct(int $order = 1)
+    {
+        $this->order = $order;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create markov chain based on input
+     *
+     * @param array $values Training values
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function train(array $values) : void
+    {
+        $temp   = [];
+        $length = \count($values) - $this->order;
+
+        $unique = \array_unique($values);
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $length; ++$i) {
+            $key = [];
+            for ($j = 0; $j < $this->order; ++$j) {
+                $key[] = $values[$i + $j];
+            }
+
+            $keyString = \implode(' ', $key);
+
+            if (!isset($temp[$keyString])) {
+                foreach ($unique as $value) {
+                    $temp[$keyString][$value] = 0;
+                }
+            }
+
+            ++$temp[$keyString][$values[$i + 1]];
+        }
+
+        foreach ($temp as $key => $values) {
+            $sum = \array_sum($values);
+            foreach ($values as $idx => $value) {
+                $this->data[$key][$idx] = $value / $sum;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Set training data
+     *
+     * @param array<array<int, int>> $values Training values
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function setTraining(array $values) : void
+    {
+        $this->data = $values;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generate a markov chain based on the training data.
+     *
+     * @param int   $length Length of the markov chain
+     * @param array $start  Start values of the markov chain
+     *
+     * @return array
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function generate(int $length, array $start = null) : array
+    {
+        $orderKeys   = \array_keys($this->data);
+        $orderValues = \array_keys(\reset($this->data));
+
+        $output = $start ?? \explode(' ', $orderKeys[\array_rand($orderKeys)]);
+        $key    = $output;
+
+        for ($i = $this->order; $i < $length; ++$i) {
+            $keyString = \implode(' ', $key);
+
+            $prob  = \mt_rand(1, 100) / 100;
+            $cProb = 0.0;
+            $val   = null;
+            $new   = null;
+
+            foreach (($this->data[$keyString] ?? []) as $val => $p) {
+                $cProb += $p;
+
+                if ($prob <= $cProb) {
+                    $new   = $val;
+
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Couldn't find possible key
+            if ($new === null) {
+                $new = $orderValues[\array_rand($orderValues)];
+            }
+
+            $output[] = $new;
+            $key[]    = $new;
+
+            \array_shift($key);
+        }
+
+        return $output;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate the probability for a certain markov chain.
+     *
+     * @param array $path Markov chain
+     *
+     * @return float
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function pathProbability(array $path) : float
+    {
+        $length = \count($path);
+        if ($length <= $this->order) {
+            return 0.0;
+        }
+
+        $key = \array_slice($path, 0, $this->order);
+
+        $prob = 1.0;
+        for ($i = $this->order; $i < $length; ++$i) {
+            $prob *= $this->data[\implode($key)][$path[$i]] ?? 0.0;
+
+            $key[] = $path[$i];
+            \array_shift($key);
+        }
+
+        return $prob;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate the probability for a certain state change in a markov chain
+     *
+     * @param array $state Current state of the markov chain
+     * @param mixed $next  Next markov state
+     *
+     * @return float
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function stepProbability(array $state, mixed $next) : float
+    {
+        if (\count($state) !== $this->order) {
+            return 0.0;
+        }
+
+        return $this->data[\implode(' ', $state)][$next] ?? 0.0;
+    }
 }

Algorithm/Maze/MazeGenerator.php

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class MazeGenerator
             if (!empty($neighbors)) {
                 --$n;
 
-                $next                                  = $neighbors[\mt_rand(0, \count($neighbors) - 1)];
+                $next                                  = $neighbors[\array_rand($neighbors, 1)];
                 $unvisited[$next[0] + 1][$next[1] + 1] = false;
 
                 if ($next[0] === $pos[0]) {

Algorithm/Rating/Glicko2.php

@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@ use phpOMS\Math\Solver\Root\Bisection;
  * @see     https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicko_rating_system
  * @see     http://www.glicko.net/glicko/glicko2.pdf
  * @since   1.0.0
- *
- * @todo: implement
  */
 final class Glicko2
 {

Business/BusinessHelper.php

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Jingga
+ *
+ * PHP Version 8.1
+ *
+ * @package   phpOMS\Business
+ * @copyright Dennis Eichhorn
+ * @license   OMS License 2.0
+ * @version   1.0.0
+ * @link      https://jingga.app
+ */
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace phpOMS\Business;
+
+/**
+ * Depreciation class.
+ *
+ * @package phpOMS\Business
+ * @license OMS License 2.0
+ * @link    https://jingga.app
+ * @since   1.0.0
+ */
+final class BusinessHelper
+{
+}

DataStorage/Database/GrammarAbstract.php

@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ abstract class GrammarAbstract
                 $expression .= $element() . (\is_string($key) ? ' as ' . $key : '') . ', ';
             } elseif ($element instanceof BuilderAbstract) {
                 $expression .= $element->toSql() . (\is_string($key) ? ' as ' . $key : '') . ', ';
+            } elseif (\is_int($element)) {
+                $expression .= $element . ', ';
             } else {
                 throw new \InvalidArgumentException();
             }
@@ -226,16 +228,19 @@ abstract class GrammarAbstract
         $identifierStart = $this->systemIdentifierStart;
         $identifierEnd   = $this->systemIdentifierEnd;
 
-        if (\stripos($system, '(') !== false) {
+        // The order of this if/elseif statement is important!!!
+        if ($system === '*'
+            || \stripos($system, '(') !== false
+            || \is_numeric($system)
+        ) {
             $identifierStart = '';
             $identifierEnd   = '';
-        }
+        } elseif ((\stripos($system, '.')) !== false) {
+            // This is actually slower than \explode(), despite knowing the first index
+            //$split = [\substr($system, 0, $pos), \substr($system, $pos + 1)];
 
-        // The following code could have been handled with \explode more elegantly but \explode needs more memory and more time
+            // Faster! But might requires more memory?
-        // Normally this wouldn't be a problem but in this case there are so many function calls to this routine,
+            $split = \explode('.', $system);
-        // that it makes sense to make this "minor" improvement.
-        if (($pos = \stripos($system, '.')) !== false) {
-            $split = [\substr($system, 0, $pos), \substr($system, $pos + 1)];
 
             $identifierTwoStart = $identifierStart;
             $identifierTwoEnd   = $identifierEnd;
@@ -250,11 +255,6 @@ abstract class GrammarAbstract
                 . $identifierTwoStart . $split[1] . $identifierTwoEnd;
         }
 
-        if ($system === '*') {
-            $identifierStart = '';
-            $identifierEnd   = '';
-        }
-
         return $identifierStart . $system . $identifierEnd;
     }
 

DataStorage/Database/Mapper/DataMapperFactory.php

@@ -209,6 +209,23 @@ class DataMapperFactory
         return $reader->get();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Create read mapper
+     *
+     * @param ConnectionAbstract $db Database connection
+     *
+     * @return ReadMapper<T>
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function yield(ConnectionAbstract $db = null) : ReadMapper
+    {
+        /** @var ReadMapper<T> $reader */
+        $reader = new ReadMapper(new static(), $db ?? self::$db);
+
+        return $reader->yield();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Create read mapper
      *
@@ -254,6 +271,48 @@ class DataMapperFactory
         return (new ReadMapper(new static(), $db ?? self::$db))->count();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Create read mapper
+     *
+     * @param ConnectionAbstract $db Database connection
+     *
+     * @return ReadMapper
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function sum(ConnectionAbstract $db = null) : ReadMapper
+    {
+        return (new ReadMapper(new static(), $db ?? self::$db))->sum();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create read mapper
+     *
+     * @param ConnectionAbstract $db Database connection
+     *
+     * @return ReadMapper
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function exists(ConnectionAbstract $db = null) : ReadMapper
+    {
+        return (new ReadMapper(new static(), $db ?? self::$db))->exists();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create read mapper
+     *
+     * @param ConnectionAbstract $db Database connection
+     *
+     * @return ReadMapper
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function has(ConnectionAbstract $db = null) : ReadMapper
+    {
+        return (new ReadMapper(new static(), $db ?? self::$db))->has();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Create read mapper
      *
@@ -636,11 +695,14 @@ class DataMapperFactory
                 }
 
                 if ($count > $pageLimit) {
-                    if (!$hasNext) { // @todo: can be maybe removed?
+                    // @todo: can be maybe removed?
+                    /*
+                    if (!$hasNext) {
                         \array_pop($data);
                         $hasNext = true;
                         --$count;
                     }
+                    */
 
                     if ($count > $pageLimit) {
                         $hasPrevious = true;

DataStorage/Database/Mapper/MapperType.php

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ abstract class MapperType extends Enum
 {
     public const GET = 1;
 
+    public const GET_YIELD = 2;
+
     public const GET_ALL = 4;
 
     public const FIND = 7;
@@ -38,6 +40,12 @@ abstract class MapperType extends Enum
 
     public const COUNT_MODELS = 12;
 
+    public const SUM_MODELS = 13;
+
+    public const MODEL_EXISTS = 14;
+
+    public const MODEL_HAS_RELATION = 15;
+
     // -------------------------------------------- //
 
     public const CREATE = 1001;

DataStorage/Database/Mapper/ReadMapper.php

@@ -58,6 +58,22 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         return $this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Create yield mapper
+     *
+     * This makes execute() return a single object or an array of object depending the result size
+     *
+     * @return self
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function yield() : self
+    {
+        $this->type = MapperType::GET_YIELD;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get raw result set
      *
@@ -102,6 +118,48 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         return $this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Create sum mapper
+     *
+     * @return self
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function sum() : self
+    {
+        $this->type = MapperType::SUM_MODELS;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create exists mapper
+     *
+     * @return self
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function exists() : self
+    {
+        $this->type = MapperType::MODEL_EXISTS;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create has mapper
+     *
+     * @return self
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function has() : self
+    {
+        $this->type = MapperType::MODEL_HAS_RELATION;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Create random mapper
      *
@@ -148,6 +206,9 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
             case MapperType::GET:
                 /** @var null|Builder ...$options */
                 return $this->executeGet(...$options);
+            case MapperType::GET_YIELD:
+                /** @var null|Builder ...$options */
+                return $this->executeGetYield(...$options);
             case MapperType::GET_RAW:
                 /** @var null|Builder ...$options */
                 return $this->executeGetRaw(...$options);
@@ -158,6 +219,12 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
                 return $this->executeGetRaw();
             case MapperType::COUNT_MODELS:
                 return $this->executeCount();
+            case MapperType::SUM_MODELS:
+                return $this->executeSum();
+            case MapperType::MODEL_EXISTS:
+                return $this->executeExists();
+            case MapperType::MODEL_HAS_RELATION:
+                return $this->executeHas();
             default:
                 return null;
         }
@@ -188,13 +255,27 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         $obj = [];
 
         // Get remaining objects (not available in memory cache) or remaining where clauses.
-        $dbData = $this->executeGetRaw($query);
+        //$dbData = $this->executeGetRaw($query);
+
+        $ids = [];
+        foreach ($this->executeGetRawYield($query) as $row) {
+            if ($row === []) {
+                continue;
+            }
 
-        foreach ($dbData as $row) {
             $value       = $row[$this->mapper::PRIMARYFIELD . '_d' . $this->depth];
             $obj[$value] = $this->mapper::createBaseModel($row);
 
             $obj[$value] = $this->populateAbstract($row, $obj[$value]);
+
+            $ids[] = $value;
+
+            // @todo: This is too slow, since it creates a query for every $row x relation type.
+            // Pulling it out would be nice.
+            // The problem with solving this is that in a many-to-many relationship a relation table is used
+            // BUT the relation data is not available in the object itself meaning after retrieving the object
+            // it cannot get assigned to the correct parent object.
+            // Other relation types are easy because either the parent or child object contain the relation info.
             $this->loadHasManyRelations($obj[$value]);
         }
 
@@ -209,6 +290,34 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         return $obj;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Execute mapper
+     *
+     * @param null|Builder $query Query to use instead of the internally generated query
+     *                            Careful, this doesn't merge with the internal query.
+     *                            If you want to merge it use ->query() instead
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function executeGetYield(Builder $query = null)
+    {
+        $primaryKeys          = [];
+        $memberOfPrimaryField = $this->mapper::COLUMNS[$this->mapper::PRIMARYFIELD]['internal'];
+
+        if (isset($this->where[$memberOfPrimaryField])) {
+            $keys        = $this->where[$memberOfPrimaryField][0]['value'];
+            $primaryKeys = \array_merge(\is_array($keys) ? $keys : [$keys], $primaryKeys);
+        }
+
+        foreach ($this->executeGetRawYield($query) as $row) {
+            $obj = $this->mapper::createBaseModel($row);
+            $obj = $this->populateAbstract($row, $obj);
+            $this->loadHasManyRelations($obj);
+
+            yield $obj;
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Execute mapper
      *
@@ -227,7 +336,7 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         try {
             $results = false;
 
-            $sth = $this->db->con->prepare($a = $query->toSql());
+            $sth = $this->db->con->prepare($query->toSql());
             if ($sth !== false) {
                 $sth->execute();
                 $results = $sth->fetchAll(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
@@ -247,6 +356,47 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         return $results === false ? [] : $results;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Execute mapper
+     *
+     * @param null|Builder $query Query to use instead of the internally generated query
+     *                            Careful, this doesn't merge with the internal query.
+     *                            If you want to merge it use ->query() instead
+     *
+     * @return array
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function executeGetRawYield(Builder $query = null)
+    {
+        $query ??= $this->getQuery();
+
+        try {
+            $sth = $this->db->con->prepare($query->toSql());
+            if ($sth === false) {
+                yield [];
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            $sth->execute();
+
+            while ($row = $sth->fetch(\PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)) {
+                yield $row;
+            }
+        } catch (\Throwable $t) {
+            \phpOMS\Log\FileLogger::getInstance()->error(
+                \phpOMS\Log\FileLogger::MSG_FULL, [
+                    'message' => $t->getMessage() . ':' . $query->toSql(),
+                    'line'    => __LINE__,
+                    'file'    => self::class,
+                ]
+            );
+
+            yield [];
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Execute mapper
      *
@@ -280,11 +430,65 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
      */
     public function executeCount() : int
     {
-        $query = $this->getQuery(null, ['COUNT(*)' => 'count']);
+        $query = $this->getQuery(
+            null,
+            [
+                'COUNT(' . (empty($this->columns) ? '*' : \implode($this->columns)) . ')' => 'count'
+            ]
+        );
 
         return (int) $query->execute()?->fetchColumn();
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sum the number of elements
+     *
+     * @return int
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function executeSum() : int|float
+    {
+        $query = $this->getQuery(
+            null,
+            [
+                'SUM(' . (empty($this->columns) ? '*' : \implode($this->columns)) . ')' => 'sum'
+            ]
+        );
+
+        return $query->execute()?->fetchColumn();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if any element exists
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function executeExists() : bool
+    {
+        $query = $this->getQuery(null, [1]);
+
+        return ($query->execute()?->fetchColumn() ?? 0) > 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Check if any element exists
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function executeHas() : bool
+    {
+        $obj = isset($this->where[$this->mapper::COLUMNS[$this->mapper::PRIMARYFIELD]['internal']])
+            ? $this->mapper::createNullModel($this->where[$this->mapper::COLUMNS[$this->mapper::PRIMARYFIELD]['internal']][0]['value'])
+            : $this->columns([1])->executeGet();
+
+        return $this->hasManyRelations($obj);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get random object
      *
@@ -318,10 +522,18 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
             : $columns;
 
         foreach ($columns as $key => $values) {
-            if (\is_string($values)) {
+            if (\is_string($values) || \is_int($values)) {
-                $query->selectAs($key, $values);
+                if (\is_int($key)) {
+                    $query->select($values);
+                } else {
+                    $query->selectAs($key, $values);
+                }
             } elseif (($values['writeonly'] ?? false) === false || isset($this->with[$values['internal']])) {
-                $query->selectAs($this->mapper::TABLE . '_d' . $this->depth . '.' . $key, $key . '_d' . $this->depth);
+                if (\is_int($key)) {
+                    $query->select($key);
+                } else {
+                    $query->selectAs($this->mapper::TABLE . '_d' . $this->depth . '.' . $key, $key . '_d' . $this->depth);
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -442,7 +654,7 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
                     $where1->where($this->mapper::TABLE . '_d' . $this->depth . '.' . $col, $comparison, $where['value'], 'and');
 
                     $where2 = new Builder($this->db);
-                    $where2->select('1')
+                    $where2->select('1') // @todo: why is this in quotes?
                         ->from($this->mapper::TABLE . '_d' . $this->depth)
                         ->where($this->mapper::TABLE . '_d' . $this->depth . '.' . $col, 'in', $alt);
 
@@ -961,4 +1173,87 @@ final class ReadMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
             }
         }
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if object has certain relations
+     *
+     * @param object $obj Object to check
+     *
+     * @return bool
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function hasManyRelations(object $obj) : bool
+    {
+        if (empty($this->with)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        $primaryKey = $this->mapper::getObjectId($obj);
+        if (empty($primaryKey)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $refClass = null;
+
+        // @todo: check if there are more cases where the relation is already loaded with joins etc.
+        // there can be pseudo has many elements like localizations. They are has manies but these are already loaded with joins!
+        foreach ($this->with as $member => $withData) {
+            if (isset($this->mapper::HAS_MANY[$member])) {
+                $many = $this->mapper::HAS_MANY[$member];
+                if (isset($many['column'])) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // @todo: withData doesn't store this directly, it is in [0]['private] ?!?!
+                $isPrivate = $withData['private'] ?? false;
+
+                $objectMapper = $this->createRelationMapper($many['mapper']::exists(db: $this->db), $member);
+                if ($many['external'] === null/* same as $many['table'] !== $many['mapper']::TABLE */) {
+                    $objectMapper->where($many['mapper']::COLUMNS[$many['self']]['internal'], $primaryKey);
+                } else {
+                    $query = new Builder($this->db, true);
+                    $query->leftJoin($many['table'])
+                        ->on($many['mapper']::TABLE . '_d1.' . $many['mapper']::PRIMARYFIELD, '=', $many['table'] . '.' . $many['external'])
+                        ->where($many['table'] . '.' . $many['self'], '=', $primaryKey);
+
+                    // Cannot use join, because join only works on members and we don't have members for a relation table
+                    // This is why we need to create a "base" query which contians the join on table columns
+                    $objectMapper->query($query);
+                }
+
+                $objects = $objectMapper->execute();
+                if (empty($objects) || $objects === false) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+
+                return true;
+            } elseif (isset($this->mapper::OWNS_ONE[$member])
+                || isset($this->mapper::BELONGS_TO[$member])
+            ) {
+                $relation = isset($this->mapper::OWNS_ONE[$member])
+                    ? $this->mapper::OWNS_ONE[$member]
+                    : $this->mapper::BELONGS_TO[$member];
+
+                if (\count($withData) < 2) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                /** @var ReadMapper $relMapper */
+                $relMapper = $this->createRelationMapper($relation['mapper']::reader($this->db), $member);
+
+                $isPrivate = $withData['private'] ?? false;
+                if ($isPrivate) {
+                    if ($refClass === null) {
+                        $refClass = new \ReflectionClass($obj);
+                    }
+
+                    $refProp = $refClass->getProperty($member);
+                    return $relMapper->hasManyRelations($refProp->getValue($obj));
+                } else {
+                    return $relMapper->hasManyRelations($obj->{$member});
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

DataStorage/Database/Mapper/WriteMapper.php

@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ final class WriteMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
         if (isset($this->mapper::BELONGS_TO[$propertyName]['by'])) {
             // has by (obj is stored as a different model e.g. model = profile but reference/db is account)
 
-            if ($this->mapper::BELONGS_TO[$propertyName]['private']) {
+            if ($this->mapper::BELONGS_TO[$propertyName]['private'] ?? false) {
                 $refClass = new \ReflectionClass($obj);
                 $refProp  = $refClass->getProperty($this->mapper::BELONGS_TO[$propertyName]['by']);
                 $obj      = $refProp->getValue($obj);
@@ -339,9 +339,10 @@ final class WriteMapper extends DataMapperAbstract
                         $relProperty = $relReflectionClass->getProperty($internalName);
                     }
 
-                    // todo maybe consider to just set the column type to object, and then check for that (might be faster)
+                    // @todo maybe consider to just set the column type to object, and then check for that (might be faster)
                     if (isset($mapper::BELONGS_TO[$internalName])
-                        || isset($mapper::OWNS_ONE[$internalName])) {
+                        || isset($mapper::OWNS_ONE[$internalName])
+                    ) {
                         if ($isRelPrivate) {
                             $relProperty->setValue($value,  $this->mapper::createNullModel($objId));
                         } else {

DataStorage/Database/Query/Builder.php

@@ -280,11 +280,7 @@ class Builder extends BuilderAbstract
         /** @var mixed[] $columns */
         /** @var mixed $column */
         foreach ($columns as $column) {
-            if (\is_string($column) || $column instanceof self) {
+            $this->selects[] = $column;
-                $this->selects[] = $column;
-            } else {
-                throw new \InvalidArgumentException();
-            }
         }
 
         return $this;

DataStorage/Database/Query/Grammar/Grammar.php

@@ -28,10 +28,6 @@ use phpOMS\DataStorage\Database\Query\Where;
  * @license OMS License 2.0
  * @link    https://jingga.app
  * @since   1.0.0
- *
- * @todo Karaka/phpOMS#33
- *  Implement missing grammar & builder functions
- *  Missing elements are e.g. sum, merge etc.
  */
 class Grammar extends GrammarAbstract
 {

Localization/Defaults/City.php

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class City
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $countryCode = '';
+    public string $countryCode = '';
 
     /**
      * State code.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class City
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $state = '';
+    public string $state = '';
 
     /**
      * City name.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class City
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $name = '';
+    public string $name = '';
 
     /**
      * Postal code.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class City
      * @var int
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected int $postal = 0;
+    public int $postal = 0;
 
     /**
      * Latitude.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class City
      * @var float
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected float $lat = 0.0;
+    public float $lat = 0.0;
 
     /**
      * Longitude.
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class City
      * @var float
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected float $long = 0.0;
+    public float $long = 0.0;
 
     /**
      * Get city name

Localization/Defaults/Country.php

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Country
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $name = '';
+    public string $name = '';
 
     /**
      * Country code.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class Country
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $code2 = '';
+    public string $code2 = '';
 
     /**
      * Country code.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class Country
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $code3 = '';
+    public string $code3 = '';
 
     /**
      * Country code.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class Country
      * @var int
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected int $numeric = 0;
+    public int $numeric = 0;
 
     /**
      * Country subdevision.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Country
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $subdevision = '';
+    public string $subdevision = '';
 
     /**
      * Country developed.
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class Country
      * @var bool
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected bool $isDeveloped = false;
+    public bool $isDeveloped = false;
 
     /**
      * Get id

Localization/Defaults/Currency.php

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $name = '';
+    public string $name = '';
 
     /**
      * Currency code.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $code = '';
+    public string $code = '';
 
     /**
      * Currency symbol.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $symbol = '';
+    public string $symbol = '';
 
     /**
      * Currency number.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $number = '';
+    public string $number = '';
 
     /**
      * Currency subunits.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var int
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected int $subunits = 0;
+    public int $subunits = 0;
 
     /**
      * Currency decimals.
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $decimals = '';
+    public string $decimals = '';
 
     /**
      * Currency countries.
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ class Currency
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $countries = '';
+    public string $countries = '';
 
     /**
      * Get currency name

Localization/Defaults/Iban.php

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Iban
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $country = '';
+    public string $country = '';
 
     /**
      * Iban chars.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class Iban
      * @var int
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected int $chars = 2;
+    public int $chars = 2;
 
     /**
      * Iban bban.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class Iban
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $bban = '';
+    public string $bban = '';
 
     /**
      * Iban fields.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class Iban
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $fields = '';
+    public string $fields = '';
 
     /**
      * Get iban country

Localization/Defaults/Language.php

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class Language
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $name = '';
+    public string $name = '';
 
     /**
      * Language native.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ class Language
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $native = '';
+    public string $native = '';
 
     /**
      * Language code.
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class Language
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $code2 = '';
+    public string $code2 = '';
 
     /**
      * Language code.
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ class Language
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $code3 = '';
+    public string $code3 = '';
 
     /**
      * Language code.
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ class Language
      * @var string
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    protected string $code3Native = '';
+    public string $code3Native = '';
 
     /**
      * Get id

Localization/ISO3166NameEnum.php

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _BTN = 'Bhutan';
 
-    public const _BOL = 'Bolivia (Plurinational State of)';
+    public const _BOL = 'Bolivia';
 
     public const _BES = 'Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba';
 
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _IDN = 'Indonesia';
 
-    public const _IRN = 'Iran (Islamic Republic of)';
+    public const _IRN = 'Iran';
 
     public const _IRQ = 'Iraq';
 
@@ -260,9 +260,9 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _KIR = 'Kiribati';
 
-    public const _PRK = 'Korea (Democratic People\'s Republic of)';
+    public const _PRK = 'North Korea';
 
-    public const _KOR = 'Korea (Republic of)';
+    public const _KOR = 'South Korea';
 
     public const _KWT = 'Kuwait';
 
@@ -314,9 +314,9 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _MEX = 'Mexico';
 
-    public const _FSM = 'Micronesia (Federated States of)';
+    public const _FSM = 'Micronesia';
 
-    public const _MDA = 'Moldova (Republic of)';
+    public const _MDA = 'Moldova';
 
     public const _MCO = 'Monaco';
 
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _PLW = 'Palau';
 
-    public const _PSE = 'Palestine, State of';
+    public const _PSE = 'Palestine';
 
     public const _PAN = 'Panama';
 
@@ -460,11 +460,11 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _SYR = 'Syrian Arab Republic';
 
-    public const _TWN = 'Taiwan, Province of China[a]';
+    public const _TWN = 'Taiwan';
 
     public const _TJK = 'Tajikistan';
 
-    public const _TZA = 'Tanzania, United Republic of';
+    public const _TZA = 'Tanzania';
 
     public const _THA = 'Thailand';
 
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _ARE = 'United Arab Emirates';
 
-    public const _GBR = 'United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland';
+    public const _GBR = 'United Kingdom';
 
     public const _USA = 'United States of America';
 
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ class ISO3166NameEnum extends Enum
 
     public const _VUT = 'Vanuatu';
 
-    public const _VEN = 'Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)';
+    public const _VEN = 'Venezuela';
 
     public const _VNM = 'Viet Nam';
 

Localization/ISO3166Trait.php

@@ -37,10 +37,44 @@ trait ISO3166Trait
     {
         /** @var string $code3 */
         $code3 = ISO3166TwoEnum::getName($code);
+        if ($code3 === false) {
+            $code3 = '';
+        }
 
         return self::getByName($code3);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Get countries in a region
+     *
+     * @param string $region Region name
+     *
+     * @return array
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function getSubregions(string $region) : array
+    {
+        $region = \strtolower($region);
+
+        switch ($region) {
+            case 'continents':
+                return ['Europe', 'Asia', 'America', 'Oceania', 'Africa'];
+            case 'europe':
+                return ['North-Europe', 'South-Europe', 'East-Europe', 'West-Europe'];
+            case 'asia':
+                return ['Central-Asia', 'South-Asia', 'Southeast-Asia', 'East-Asia', 'West-Asia'];
+            case 'america':
+                return ['North-america', 'South-america', 'Central-america', 'Caribbean'];
+            case 'oceania':
+                return ['Australia', 'Polynesia', 'Melanesia', 'Micronesia', 'Antarctica'];
+            case 'africa':
+                return ['North-Africa', 'South-Africa', 'East-Africa', 'West-Africa', 'Central-Africa'];
+            default:
+                return [$region];
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get countries in a region
      *
@@ -55,6 +89,14 @@ trait ISO3166Trait
         $region = \strtolower($region);
 
         switch ($region) {
+            case 'continents':
+                return \array_merge(
+                    self::getRegion('europe'),
+                    self::getRegion('asia'),
+                    self::getRegion('america'),
+                    self::getRegion('oceania'),
+                    self::getRegion('africa')
+                );
             case 'europe':
                 return \array_merge(
                     self::getRegion('north-europe'),
@@ -83,7 +125,7 @@ trait ISO3166Trait
                     self::getRegion('polynesia'),
                     self::getRegion('melanesia'),
                     self::getRegion('micronesia'),
-                    self::getRegion('antartica')
+                    self::getRegion('antarctica')
                 );
             case 'africa':
                 return \array_merge(

Localization/RegionEnum.php

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Jingga
+ *
+ * PHP Version 8.1
+ *
+ * @package   phpOMS\Localization
+ * @copyright Dennis Eichhorn
+ * @license   OMS License 2.0
+ * @version   1.0.0
+ * @link      https://jingga.app
+ */
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace phpOMS\Localization;
+
+use phpOMS\Stdlib\Base\Enum;
+
+/**
+ * Country codes ISO list.
+ *
+ * @package phpOMS\Localization
+ * @license OMS License 2.0
+ * @link    https://jingga.app
+ * @since   1.0.0
+ */
+class RegionEnum extends Enum
+{
+    public const EUROPE = 'Europe';
+
+    public const EU = 'EU';
+
+    public const EURO = 'Euro';
+
+    public const NORTH_EUROPE = 'North-Europe';
+
+    public const SOUTH_EUROPE = 'South-Europe';
+
+    public const EAST_EUROPE = 'East-Europe';
+
+    public const WEST_EUROPE = 'West-Europe';
+
+    public const AMERICA = 'America';
+
+    public const SOUTH_AMERICA = 'South-America';
+
+    public const NORTH_AMERICA = 'North-America';
+
+    public const CENTRAL_AMERICA = 'Central-America';
+
+    public const CARIBBEAN = 'Caribbean';
+
+    public const ASIA = 'Asia';
+
+    public const CENTRAL_ASIA = 'Central-Asia';
+
+    public const SOUTH_ASIA = 'South-Asia';
+
+    public const SOUTHEAST_ASIA = 'Southeast-Asia';
+
+    public const EAST_ASIA = 'East-Asia';
+
+    public const WEST_ASIA = 'West-Asia';
+
+    public const OCEANIA = 'Oceania';
+
+    public const AFRICA = 'Africa';
+
+    public const CENTRAL_AFRICA = 'Central-Africa';
+
+    public const SOUTH_AFRICA = 'South-Africa';
+
+    public const NORTH_AFRICA = 'North-Africa';
+
+    public const EAST_AFRICA = 'East-Africa';
+
+    public const WEST_AFRICA = 'West-Africa';
+
+    public const MIDDLE_EAST = 'Middle-East';
+
+    public const AUSTRALIA = 'Australia';
+
+    public const POLYNESIA = 'Polynesia';
+
+    public const MELANESIA = 'Melanesia';
+
+    public const MICRONESIA = 'Micronesia';
+
+    public const ANTARCTICA = 'Antarctica';
+
+    public const CONTINENTS = 'Continents';
+}

Math/Geometry/ConvexHull/GrahamScan.php

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Jingga
+ *
+ * PHP Version 8.1
+ *
+ * @package   phpOMS\Math\Geometry\ConvexHull
+ * @copyright Dennis Eichhorn
+ * @license   OMS License 2.0
+ * @version   1.0.0
+ * @link      https://jingga.app
+ */
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace phpOMS\Math\Geometry\ConvexHull;
+
+/**
+ * Andrew's monotone chain convex hull algorithm class.
+ *
+ * @package phpOMS\Math\Geometry\ConvexHull
+ * @license OMS License 2.0
+ * @link    https://jingga.app
+ * @since   1.0.0
+ */
+final class GrahamScan
+{
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     * @codeCoverageIgnore
+     */
+    private function __construct()
+    {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Create convex hull
+     *
+     * @param array<int, array{x:int|float, y:int|float}> $points Points (Point Cloud)
+     *
+     * @return array<int, array{x:int|float, y:int|float}>
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function createConvexHull(array $points) : array
+    {
+        $count = \count($points);
+
+        if ($count < 3) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        $min    = 1;
+        $points = \array_merge([null], $points);
+
+        for ($i = 2; $i < $count; ++$i) {
+            if ($points[$i]['y'] < $points[$min]['y'] || ($points[$i]['y'] == $points[$min]['y'] && $points[$i]['x'] < $points[$min]['x'])) {
+                $min = $i;
+            }
+        }
+
+        $temp         = $points[1];
+        $points[1]    = $points[$min];
+        $points[$min] = $temp;
+
+        $c = $points[1];
+
+        /** @var array<int, array{x:int|float, y:int|float}> $subpoints */
+        $subpoints = \array_slice($points, 2, $count);
+        \usort($subpoints, function (array $a, array $b) use ($c) : int {
+            // @todo: Might be wrong order of comparison
+            return \atan2($a['y'] - $c['y'], $a['x'] - $c['x']) <=> \atan2( $b['y'] -  $c['y'],  $b['x'] - $c['x']);
+        });
+
+        /** @var array<int, array{x:int|float, y:int|float}> $points */
+        $points    = \array_merge([$points[0], $points[1]], $subpoints);
+        $points[0] = $points[$count];
+
+        $size = 1;
+        for ($i = 2; $i <= $count; ++$i) {
+            while (self::ccw($points[$size - 1], $points[$size], $points[$i]) <= 0) {
+                if ($size > 1) {
+                    --$size;
+                } elseif ($i === $count) {
+                    break;
+                } else {
+                    ++$i;
+                }
+            }
+
+            $temp              = $points[$i];
+            $points[$size + 1] = $points[$i];
+            $points[$i]        = $points[$size + 1];
+            ++$size;
+        }
+
+        $hull = [];
+        for ($i = 1; $i <= $size; ++$i) {
+            $hull[] = $points[$i];
+        }
+
+        return $hull;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Counterclockwise rotation
+     *
+     * @param array<x:int|float, y:int|float> $a Vector
+     * @param array<x:int|float, y:int|float> $b Vector
+     * @param array<x:int|float, y:int|float> $c Vector
+     *
+     * @return int|float
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function ccw(array $a, array $b, array $c) : int|float
+    {
+        return (($b['x'] - $a['x']) * ($c['y'] - $a['y']) - ($b['y'] - $a['y']) * ($c['x'] - $a['x']));
+    }
+}

Math/Optimization/Simplex.php

@@ -25,200 +25,210 @@ namespace phpOMS\Math\Optimization;
  */
 class Simplex
 {
-    private array $function = [];
+    private int $m = 0;
+    private int $n = 0;
 
-    private string $functionType = '';
+    private array $A = [];
 
-    private int|float $functionLimit = 0.0;
+    private array $b = [];
 
-    private array $constraints = [];
+    private array $c = [];
 
-    private array $constraintsType = [];
+    private int $v = 0;
 
-    private array $constraintsLimit = [];
+    private array $Basic = [];
 
-    private array $slackForm = [];
+    private array $Nonbasic = [];
 
-    private array $nonbasicSolution = [];
+    private function pivot (int $x, int $y)
-
-    private array $basicSolution = [];
-
-    /**
-     * Define the function to optimize
-     *
-     * @param array $function Function to optimize
-     *
-     * @return void
-     *
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
-    public function setFunction(array $function) : void
     {
-    }
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
-
+            if ($j !== $y) {
-    /**
+                $this->A[$x][$j] /= -$this->A[$x][$y];
-     * Add function constraint
-     *
-     * @param array  $function Constraint function
-     * @param string $type     Constraint type
-     * @param float  $limit    Constraint
-     *
-     * @return void
-     *
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
-    public function addConstraint(array $function, string $type, float $limit) : void
-    {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Pivot element
-     *
-     * @param int $x X-Pivot
-     * @param int $y Y-Pivot
-     *
-     * @return void
-     *
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
-    private function pivot(int $x, int $y) : void
-    {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Perform simplex iteration
-     *
-     * @return void
-     *
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
-    private function iterateSimplex() : void
-    {
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Initialize simplex algorithm
-     *
-     * @return bool
-     *
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
-    private function initialize() : bool
-    {
-        $k        = -1;
-        $minLimit = -1;
-
-        $m = \count($this->constraints);
-        $n = \count($this->function);
-
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
-            if ($k === -1 || $this->constraintsLimit[$i] < $minLimit) {
-                $k        = $i;
-                $minLimit = $this->constraintsLimit[$i];
             }
         }
 
-        if ($this->constraintsLimit[$k] >= 0) {
+        $this->b[$x] /= -$this->A[$x][$y];
-            for ($j = 0; $j < $n; ++$j) {
+        $this->A[$x][$y] = 1.0 / $this->A[$x][$y];
-                $this->nonbasicSolution[$j] = $j;
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
+            if ($i !== $x) {
+                for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
+                    if ($j !== $y) {
+                        $this->A[$i][$j] += $this->A[$i][$y] * $this->A[$x][$j];
+                    }
+                }
+
+                $this->b[$i] += $this->A[$i][$y] / $this->b[$x];
+                $this->A[$i][$y] *= $this->A[$x][$y];
+            }
+        }
+
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
+            if ($j !== $y) {
+                $this->c[$j] += $this->c[$y] * $this->A[$x][$j];
+            }
+        }
+
+        $this->v += $this->c[$y] * $this->b[$x];
+        $this->c[$y] *= $this->A[$x][$y];
+
+        $temp = $this->Basic[$x];
+        $this->Basic[$x] = $this->Nonbasic[$y];
+        $this->Nonbasic[$y] = $temp;
+    }
+
+    private function iterate() : int
+    {
+        $ind = -1;
+        $best = -1;
+
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
+            if ($this->c[$j] > 0) {
+                if ($best === -1 || $this->Nonbasic[$j] < $ind) {
+                    $ind = $this->Nonbasic[$j];
+                    $best = $j;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($ind === -1) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        $maxConstraint = \INF;
+        $bestConstraint = -1;
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
+            if ($this->A[$i][$best] < 0) {
+                $currentConstraint = -$this->b[$i] / $this->A[$i][$best];
+                if ($currentConstraint < $maxConstraint) {
+                    $maxConstraint = $currentConstraint;
+                    $bestConstraint = $i;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($maxConstraint === \INF) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        $this->pivot($bestConstraint, $best);
+
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    private function initialize() : int
+    {
+        $k = -1;
+        $minB = -1;
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
+            if ($k === -1 || $this->b[$i] < $minB) {
+                $k = $i;
+                $minB = $this->b[$i];
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($this->b[$k] >= 0) {
+            for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
+                $this->Nonbasic[$j] = $j;
             }
 
-            for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+            for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
-                $this->basicSolution[$i] = $n + $i;
+                $this->Basic[$i] = $this->n + $i;
             }
 
-            return true;
+            return 0;
         }
 
-        // Auxiliary LP
+        ++$this->n;
-        ++$n;
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
-        for ($j = 0; $j < $n; ++$j) {
+            $this->Nonbasic[$j] = $j;
-            $this->nonbasicSolution[$j] = $j;
         }
 
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
-            $this->basicSolution[$i] = $n + $i;
+            $this->Basic[$i] = $this->n + $i;
         }
 
-        $oldFunction = $this->function;
+        $oldC = [];
-        $oldLimit    = $this->functionLimit;
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n - 1; ++$j) {
-
+            $oldC[$j] = $this->c[$j];
-        // Auxiliary function
-        $this->function[$n - 1] = -1;
-        $this->functionLimit    = 0;
-
-        for ($j = 0; $j < $n - 1; ++$j) {
-            $this->function[$j] = 0;
         }
 
-        // Auxiliary constraints
+        $oldV = $this->v;
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+
-            $this->constraints[$i][$n - 1] = 1;
+        $this->c[$this->n - 1] = -1;
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n - 1; ++$j) {
+            $this->c[$j] = 0;
         }
 
-        $this->pivot($k, $n - 1);
+        $this->v = 0;
 
-        // Solve Auxiliary LP
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
-        while ($this->iterateSimplex());
+            $this->A[$i][$this->n - 1] = 1;
-
-        if ($this->functionLimit !== 0) {
-            return false;
         }
 
-        $zBasic = -1;
+        $this->pivot($k, $this->n - 1);
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+
-            if ($this->basicSolution[$i] === $n - 1) {
+        while (!$this->iterate());
-                $zBasic = $i;
+
+        if ($this->v !== 0) {
+            return -1;
+        }
+
+        $basicZ = -1;
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
+            if ($this->Basic[$i] === $this->n - 1) {
+                $basicZ = $i;
                 break;
             }
         }
 
-        if ($zBasic === -1) {
+        if ($basicZ !== -1) {
-            $this->pivot($zBasic, $n - 1);
+            $this->pivot($basicZ, $this->n - 1);
         }
 
-        $zNonBasic = -1;
+        $nonbasicZ = -1;
-        for ($j = 0; $j < $n; ++$j) {
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
-            if ($this->nonbasicSolution[$j] === $n - 1) {
+            if ($this->Nonbasic[$j] === $this->n - 1) {
-                $zNonBasic = $j;
+                $nonbasicZ = $j;
                 break;
             }
         }
 
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
-            $this->constraints[$i][$zNonBasic] = $this->constraints[$i][$n - 1];
+            $this->A[$i][$nonbasicZ] = $this->A[$i][$this->n - 1];
         }
 
-        $tmp                                = $this->nonbasicSolution[$n - 1];
+        $temp = $this->Nonbasic[$nonbasicZ];
-        $this->nonbasicSolution[$n - 1]     = $this->nonbasicSolution[$zNonBasic];
+        $this->Nonbasic[$nonbasicZ] = $this->Nonbasic[$this->n - 1];
-        $this->nonbasicSolution[$zNonBasic] = $tmp;
+        $this->Nonbasic[$this->n - 1] = $temp;
 
-        --$n;
+        --$this->n;
-
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
-        for ($j = 0; $j < $n; ++$j) {
+            if ($this->Nonbasic[$j] > $this->n) {
-            if ($this->nonbasicSolution[$j] > $n) {
+                --$this->Nonbasic[$j];
-                --$this->nonbasicSolution[$j];
             }
         }
 
-        for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
-            if ($this->basicSolution[$i] > $n) {
+            if ($this->Basic[$i] > $this->n) {
-                --$this->basicSolution[$i];
+                --$this->Basic[$i];
             }
         }
 
-        $this->functionLimit = $oldLimit;
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
-        for ($j = 0; $j < $n; ++$j) {
+            $this->c[$j] = 0;
-            $this->function[$j] = 0;
         }
 
-        for ($j = 0; $j < $n; ++$j) {
+        $this->v = $oldV;
+
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
             $ok = false;
-
+            for ($k = 0; $k < $this->n; ++$k) {
-            for ($jj = 0; $jj < $n; ++$jj) {
+                if ($j = $this->Nonbasic[$k]) {
-                if ($j === $this->nonbasicSolution[$jj]) {
+                    $this->c[$k] += $oldC[$j];
-                    $this->function[$jj] += $oldFunction[$j];
-
                     $ok = true;
                     break;
                 }
@@ -228,32 +238,52 @@ class Simplex
                 continue;
             }
 
-            for ($i = 0; $i < $m; ++$i) {
+            for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
-                if ($j = $this->basicSolution[$i]) {
+                if ($j === $this->Basic[$i]) {
-                    for ($jj = 0; $jj < $n; ++$jj) {
+                    for ($k = 0; $k < $this->n; ++$k) {
-                        $this->function[$jj] += $oldFunction[$j] * $this->constraints[$i][$jj];
+                        $this->c[$k] = $oldC[$j] * $this->A[$i][$k];
                     }
 
-                    $this->functionLimit += $oldFunction[$j] * $this->constraintsLimit[$i];
+                    $this->v += $oldC[$j] * $this->b[$i];
                     break;
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        return true;
+        return 0;
     }
 
-    /**
+    public function solve(array $A, array $b, array $c)
-     * Solve the optimization
-     *
-     * @return array
-     *
-     * @since 1.0.0
-     */
-    public function solve() : array
     {
-        if (!$this->initialize()) {
+        $this->A = $A;
-            return [];
+        $this->b = $b;
+        $this->c = $c;
+
+        // @todo: createSlackForm() required?
+
+        $this->m = \count($A);
+        $this->n = \count(\reset($A));
+
+        if ($this->initialize() === -1) {
+            return [\array_fill(0, $this->m + $this->n, -2), \INF];
         }
+
+        $code = 0;
+        while (!($code = $this->iterate()));
+
+        if ($code === -1) {
+            return [\array_fill(0, $this->m + $this->n, -1), \INF];
+        }
+
+        $result = [];
+        for ($j = 0; $j < $this->n; ++$j) {
+            $result[$this->Nonbasic[$j]] = 0;
+        }
+
+        for ($i = 0; $i < $this->m; ++$i) {
+            $result[$this->Basic[$i]] = $this->b[$i];
+        }
+
+        return [$result, $this->v];
     }
 }

Message/Http/HttpHeader.php

@@ -344,241 +344,241 @@ final class HttpHeader extends HeaderAbstract
         switch ($code) {
             case RequestStatusCode::R_100:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 100 Continue', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '100 Continue', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '100', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_101:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 101 Switching protocols', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '101 Switching protocols', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '101', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_102:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 102 Processing', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '102 Processing', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '102', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_200:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 200 OK', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '200 OK', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '200', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_201:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 201 Created', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '201 Created', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '201', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_202:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 202 Accepted', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '202 Accepted', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '202', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_203:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 203 Non-Authoritative Information', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '203 Non-Authoritative Information', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '203', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_204:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 204 No Content', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '204 No Content', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '204', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_205:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 205 Reset Content', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '205 Reset Content', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '205', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_206:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 206 Partial Content', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '206 Partial Content', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '206', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_207:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 207 Multi-Status', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '207 Multi-Status', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '207', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_300:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 300 Multiple Choices', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '300 Multiple Choices', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '300', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_301:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 301 Moved Permanently', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '301 Moved Permanently', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '301', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_302:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 302 Found', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '302 Found', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '302', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_303:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 303 See Other', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '303 See Other', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '303', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_304:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 304 Not Modified', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '304 Not Modified', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '304', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_305:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 305 Use Proxy', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '305 Use Proxy', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '305', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_306:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 306 Switch Proxy', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '306 Switch Proxy', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '306', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_307:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 307 Temporary Redirect', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '307 Temporary Redirect', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '307', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_308:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 308 Permanent Redirect', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '308 Permanent Redirect', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '308', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_400:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 400 Bad Request', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '400 Bad Request', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '400', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_401:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 401 Unauthorized', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '401 Unauthorized', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '401', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_402:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 402 Payment Required', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '402 Payment Required', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '402', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_403:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 403 Forbidden', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '403 Forbidden', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '403', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_404:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '404 Not Found', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '404', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_405:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 405 Method Not Allowed', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '405 Method Not Allowed', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '405', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_406:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 406 Not acceptable', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '406 Not acceptable', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '406', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_407:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 407 Proxy Authentication Required', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '407 Proxy Authentication Required', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '407', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_408:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 408 Request Timeout', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '408 Request Timeout', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '408', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_409:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 409 Conflict', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '409 Conflict', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '409', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_410:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 410 Gone', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '410 Gone', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '410', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_411:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 411 Length Required', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '411 Length Required', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '411', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_412:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 412 Precondition Failed', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '412 Precondition Failed', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '412', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_413:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 413 Request Entity Too Large', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '413 Request Entity Too Large', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '413', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_414:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 414 Request-URI Too Long', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '414 Request-URI Too Long', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '414', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_415:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 415 Unsupported Media Type', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '415 Unsupported Media Type', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '415', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_416:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '416 Requested Range Not Satisfiable', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '416', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_417:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 417 Expectation Failed', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '417 Expectation Failed', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '417', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_421:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 421 Misdirected Request', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '421 Misdirected Request', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '421', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_422:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 422 Unprocessable Entity', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '422 Unprocessable Entity', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '422', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_423:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 423 Locked', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '423 Locked', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '423', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_424:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 424 Failed Dependency', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '424 Failed Dependency', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '424', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_425:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 425 Too Early', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '425 Too Early', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '425', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_426:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 426 Upgrade Required', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '426 Upgrade Required', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '426', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_428:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 428 Precondition Required', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '428 Precondition Required', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '428', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_429:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 429 Too Many Requests', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '429 Too Many Requests', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '429', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_431:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 431 Request Header Fields Too Large', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '431 Request Header Fields Too Large', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '431', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_451:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '451 Unavailable For Legal Reasons', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '451', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_501:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 501 Not Implemented', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '501 Not Implemented', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '501', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_502:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 502 Bad Gateway', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '502 Bad Gateway', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '502', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_503:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 503 Service Temporarily Unavailable', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '503 Service Temporarily Unavailable', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '503', true);
                 $this->set('Retry-After', 'Retry-After: 300', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_504:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 504 Gateway Timeout', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '504 Gateway Timeout', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '504', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_505:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 505 HTTP Version Not Supported', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '505 HTTP Version Not Supported', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '505', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_506:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 506 HTTP Variant Also Negotiates', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '506 HTTP Variant Also Negotiates', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '506', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_507:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 507 Insufficient Storage', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '507 Insufficient Storage', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '507', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_508:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 508 Loop Detected', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '508 Loop Detected', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '508', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_510:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 510 Not Extended', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '510 Not Extended', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '510', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_511:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 511 Network Authentication Required', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '511 Network Authentication Required', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '511', true);
                 break;
             case RequestStatusCode::R_500:
             default:
                 $this->set('', 'HTTP/1.0 500 Internal Server Error', true);
-                $this->set('Status', '500 Internal Server Error', true);
+                $this->set('Status', '500', true);
         }
     }
 }

Message/Http/HttpResponse.php

@@ -125,8 +125,7 @@ final class HttpResponse extends ResponseAbstract implements RenderableInterface
             }
         }
 
-        /** @var array{0:bool} $data */
+        return $this->getRaw(false);
-        return $this->getRaw($data[0] ?? false);
     }
 
     /**

Message/Http/Rest.php

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ final class Rest
             \curl_setopt($curl, \CURLOPT_POST, 1);
 
             // handle different content types
-            $contentType = $requestHeaders['content-type'] ?? [];
+            $contentType = $requestHeaders['Content-Type'] ?? [];
             if (empty($contentType) || \in_array(MimeType::M_POST, $contentType)) {
                 /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
                 \curl_setopt($curl, \CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, \http_build_query($request->data));
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ final class Rest
 
                 // @todo: Replace boundary/ with the correct boundary= in the future.
                 //        Currently this cannot be done due to a bug. If we do it now the server cannot correclty populate php://input
-                $headers['content-type']   = 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary/' . $boundary;
+                $headers['Content-Type']   = 'Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary/' . $boundary;
                 $headers['content-length'] = 'Content-Length: ' . \strlen($data);
 
                 \curl_setopt($curl, \CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ final class Rest
         \curl_close($curl);
 
         $raw = \substr(\is_bool($result) ? '' : $result, $len === false ? 0 : $len);
-        if (\stripos(\implode('', $response->header->get('content-type')), MimeType::M_JSON) !== false) {
+        if (\stripos(\implode('', $response->header->get('Content-Type')), MimeType::M_JSON) !== false) {
             $temp = \json_decode($raw, true);
             if (!\is_array($temp)) {
                 $temp = [];

Message/Mail/Email.php

@@ -2277,7 +2277,7 @@ class Email implements MessageInterface
             'subject',
             'reply-to',
             'message-id',
-            'content-type',
+            'Content-Type',
             'mime-version',
             'x-mailer',
         ];

Message/ResponseAbstract.php

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ abstract class ResponseAbstract implements \JsonSerializable, MessageInterface
      *
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
-    public function get(mixed $key, string $type = null) : mixed
+    public function getData(mixed $key, string $type = null) : mixed
     {
         if ($key === null) {
             return $this->data;

Module/ModuleAbstract.php

@@ -545,7 +545,6 @@ abstract class ModuleAbstract
         mixed $obj
     ) : void
     {
-        // @todo: consider to set different status code? (also for other createInvalid() functions)
         $response->header->set('Content-Type', MimeType::M_JSON . '; charset=utf-8', true);
         $response->data[$request->uri->__toString()] = [
             'status'   => NotificationLevel::WARNING,
@@ -719,8 +718,6 @@ abstract class ModuleAbstract
      *
      * @return void
      *
-     * @todo find a way to offload this to the cli in a different process (same for other similar functions)
-     *
      * @since 1.0.0
      */
     protected function createModel(int $account, mixed $obj, string | \Closure $mapper, string $trigger, string $ip) : void

Stdlib/Base/Enum.php

@@ -70,9 +70,8 @@ abstract class Enum
     {
         $reflect   = new \ReflectionClass(static::class);
         $constants = $reflect->getConstants();
-        $keys      = \array_keys($constants);
 
-        return $constants[$keys[\mt_rand(0, \count($constants) - 1)]];
+        return $constants[\array_rand($constants, 1)];
     }
 
     /**

Stdlib/Base/EnumArray.php

@@ -119,8 +119,6 @@ abstract class EnumArray
      */
     public static function getRandom() : mixed
     {
-        $keys = \array_keys(static::$constants);
+        return static::$constants[\array_rand(static::$constants, 1)];
-
-        return static::$constants[$keys[\mt_rand(0, \count(static::$constants) - 1)]];
     }
 }

Stdlib/Base/FloatInt.php

@@ -158,17 +158,15 @@ class FloatInt implements SerializableInterface
      */
     public function getAmount(?int $decimals = 2) : string
     {
-        $isNegative = $this->value < 0 ? 1 : 0;
-
         $value = $this->value === 0
             ? \str_repeat('0', self::MAX_DECIMALS)
             : (string) \round($this->value, -self::MAX_DECIMALS + $decimals);
 
-        $left = \substr($value, 0, -self::MAX_DECIMALS + $isNegative);
+        $left = \substr($value, 0, -self::MAX_DECIMALS);
 
         /** @var string $left */
         $left  = $left === false ? '0' : $left;
-        $right = \substr($value, -self::MAX_DECIMALS + $isNegative);
+        $right = \substr($value, -self::MAX_DECIMALS);
 
         if ($right === false) {
             throw new \Exception(); // @codeCoverageIgnore

Stdlib/Base/SmartDateTime.php

@@ -359,4 +359,90 @@ class SmartDateTime extends \DateTime
 
         return $days;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the start of the year based on a custom starting month
+     *
+     * @param int $month Start of the year (i.e. fiscal year)
+     *
+     * @return \DateTime
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function startOfYear(int $month = 1) : \DateTime
+    {
+        return new \DateTime(\date('Y') . '-' . \sprintf('%02d', $month) . '-01');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the end of the year based on a custom starting month
+     *
+     * @param int $month Start of the year (i.e. fiscal year)
+     *
+     * @return \DateTime
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function endOfYear(int $month = 1) : \DateTime
+    {
+        return new \DateTime(\date('Y') . '-' . self::calculateMonthIndex(13 - $month, $month) . '-31');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the start of the month
+     *
+     * @return \DateTime
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function startOfMonth() : \DateTime
+    {
+        return new \DateTime(\date('Y-m') . '-01');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Get the end of the month
+     *
+     * @return \DateTime
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function endOfMonth() : \DateTime
+    {
+        return new \DateTime(\date('Y-m-t'));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculate the difference in months between two dates
+     *
+     * @param \DateTime $d1 First datetime
+     * @param \DateTime $d2 Second datetime
+     *
+     * @return int
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public static function monthDiff(\DateTime $d1, \DateTime $d2) : int
+    {
+        $interval = $d1->diff($d2);
+
+        return ($interval->y * 12) + $interval->m;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calculates the current month index based on the start of the fiscal year.
+     *
+     * @param int $month Current month
+     * @param int $start Start of the fiscal year (01 = January)
+     *
+     * @return int
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0;
+     */
+    public static function calculateMonthIndex(int $month, int $start = 1) : int
+    {
+        $mod = ($month - $start);
+
+        return \abs(($mod < 0 ? 12 + $mod : $mod) % 12) + 1;
+    }
 }

Stdlib/Graph/Node.php

@@ -250,9 +250,13 @@ class Node
         foreach ($this->edges as $edge) {
             $nodes = $edge->getNodes();
 
-            $neighbors[] = $nodes[0] !== null && !$this->isEqual($nodes[0])
+            if ($edge->isDirected && isset($nodes[1]) && !$this->isEqual($nodes[1])) {
-                ? $nodes[0]
+                $neighbors[] = $nodes[1];
-                : $nodes[1];
+            } else {
+                $neighbors[] = isset($nodes[0]) && !$this->isEqual($nodes[0])
+                    ? $nodes[0]
+                    : $nodes[1];
+            }
         }
 
         return $neighbors;

Stdlib/Tree/BinarySearchTree.php

@@ -0,0 +1,282 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Jingga
+ *
+ * PHP Version 8.1
+ *
+ * @package   phpOMS\Stdlib\Tree
+ * @copyright Dennis Eichhorn
+ * @license   OMS License 2.0
+ * @version   1.0.0
+ * @link      https://jingga.app
+ */
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace phpOMS\Stdlib\Tree;
+
+/**
+ * Binary search tree.
+ *
+ * @package phpOMS\Stdlib\Tree
+ * @license OMS License 2.0
+ * @link    https://jingga.app
+ * @since   1.0.0
+ */
+class BinarySearchTree
+{
+    /**
+     * Root node
+     *
+     * @var null|Node
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public ?Node $root = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param null|Node $root Root node
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function __construct(Node $root = null)
+    {
+        $this->root = $root;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Search node by data
+     *
+     * @param mixed $data Data to search for
+     *
+     * @return null|Node
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function search(mixed $data) : ?Node
+    {
+        if ($this->root === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        $comparison = $this->root->compare($data);
+
+        if ($comparison > 0) {
+            return $this->root->left?->search($data);
+        } elseif ($comparison < 0) {
+            return $this->root->right?->search($data);
+        }
+
+        return $this->root;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find the smallest node
+     *
+     * @return null|Node
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function minimum() : ?Node
+    {
+        if ($this->root === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->root->left === null) {
+            return $this->root;
+        }
+
+        return $this->root->left->minimum();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find the largest node
+     *
+     * @return null|Node
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function maximum() : ?Node
+    {
+        if ($this->root === null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->root->right === null) {
+            return $this->root;
+        }
+
+        return $this->root->right->minimum();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find the predecessor of a node
+     *
+     * @param Node $node Node
+     *
+     * @return null|Node
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function predecessor(Node $node) : ?Node
+    {
+        if ($node->left !== null) {
+            return $node->left->maximum();
+        }
+
+        $top = $node->parent;
+        while ($top !== null && $top->compare($node->data)) {
+            $node = $top;
+            $top  = $top->parent;
+        }
+
+        return $top;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find the successor of a node
+     *
+     * @param Node $node Node
+     *
+     * @return null|Node
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function successor(Node $node) : ?Node
+    {
+        if ($node->right !== null) {
+            return $node->right->minimum();
+        }
+
+        $top = $node->parent;
+        while ($top !== null && $top->compare($node->data)) {
+            $node = $top;
+            $top  = $top->parent;
+        }
+
+        return $top;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Insert a node
+     *
+     * @param Node $node Node
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function insert(Node $node) : void
+    {
+        if ($this->root === null) {
+            $new         = new Node($node->key, $node->data);
+            $new->parent = null;
+            $new->tree   = $this;
+
+            $this->root = $new;
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $current = $this->root;
+        while (true) {
+            $comparison = $node->compare($current->data);
+
+            if ($comparison < 0) {
+                if ($current->left === null) {
+                    $BST         = new BinarySearchTree();
+                    $new         = new Node($node->key, $node->data);
+                    $new->parent = $current;
+                    $new->tree   = $BST;
+
+                    $BST->root     = $new;
+                    $current->left = $BST;
+                } else {
+                    $current = $current->left->root;
+                }
+            } elseif ($comparison > 0) {
+                if ($current->right === null) {
+                    $BST         = new BinarySearchTree();
+                    $new         = new Node($node->key, $node->data);
+                    $new->parent = $current;
+                    $new->tree   = $BST;
+
+                    $BST->root      = $new;
+                    $current->right = $BST;
+                } else {
+                    $current = $current->right->root;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Delete a node
+     *
+     * @param Node $node Node
+     *
+     * @return void
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function delete(Node &$node) : void
+    {
+        if ($node->left === null && $node->right === null) {
+            if ($node->parent !== null) {
+                if ($node->parent->left !== null && $node->parent->left->root->compare($node->data) === 0) {
+                    $node->parent->left = null;
+                } elseif ($node->parent->right !== null && $node->parent->right->root->compare($node) === 0) {
+                    $node->parent->right = null;
+                }
+            }
+
+            $node = null;
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $temp = null;
+        if ($node->left === null) {
+            $temp = $node->right->root;
+            if ($node->parent !== null) {
+                if ($node->parent->left !== null && $node->parent->left->root->compare($node->data) === 0) {
+                    $node->parent->left = $temp->tree;
+                } elseif ($node->parent->right !== null && $node->parent->right->root->compare($node->data) === 0) {
+                    $node->parent->right = $temp->tree;
+                }
+            }
+
+            $temp->parent = $node->parent;
+
+            $node = null;
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if ($node->right === null) {
+            $temp = $node->left->root;
+            if ($node->parent !== null) {
+                if ($node->parent->left !== null && $node->parent->left->root->compare($node->data) === 0) {
+                    $node->parent->left = $temp->tree;
+                } elseif ($node->parent->right !== null && $node->parent->right->root->compare($node->data) === 0) {
+                    $node->parent->right = $temp->tree;
+                }
+            }
+
+            $temp->parent = $node->parent;
+
+            $node = null;
+
+            return;
+        } else {
+            $temp       = $this->successor($node);
+            $node->key  = $temp->key;
+            $node->data = $temp->data;
+
+            $this->delete($temp);
+        }
+    }
+}

Stdlib/Tree/Node.php

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * Jingga
+ *
+ * PHP Version 8.1
+ *
+ * @package   phpOMS\Stdlib\Tree
+ * @copyright Dennis Eichhorn
+ * @license   OMS License 2.0
+ * @version   1.0.0
+ * @link      https://jingga.app
+ */
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace phpOMS\Stdlib\Tree;
+
+/**
+ * Tree node class.
+ *
+ * @package phpOMS\Stdlib\Tree
+ * @license OMS License 2.0
+ * @link    https://jingga.app
+ * @since   1.0.0
+ */
+class Node
+{
+    /**
+     * Key of the node
+     *
+     * @var string
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public string $key = '';
+
+    /**
+     * Data of the node
+     *
+     * @var mixed
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public mixed $data = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Sub-tree to the left
+     *
+     * @var null|BinarySearchTree
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public ?BinarySearchTree $left = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Sub-tree to the right
+     *
+     * @var null|BinarySearchTree
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public ?BinarySearchTree $right = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Parent node
+     *
+     * @var null|Node
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public ?self $parent = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Parent tree
+     *
+     * @var null|BinarySearchTree
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public ?BinarySearchTree $tree = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Constructor.
+     *
+     * @param string $key  Node key
+     * @param mixed  $data Node data
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $key, mixed $data = null)
+    {
+        $this->key  = $key;
+        $this->data = $data;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Compare node data
+     *
+     * @param mixed $data Node data to compare with
+     *
+     * @return -1|0|1
+     *
+     * @since 1.0.0
+     */
+    public function compare(mixed $data) : int
+    {
+        return $this->data <=> $data;
+    }
+}

System/MimeType.php

@@ -458,8 +458,6 @@ abstract class MimeType extends Enum
 
     public const M_EVY = 'application/x-envoy';
 
-    public const M_EXE = 'application/x-msdownload';
-
     public const M_EXI = 'application/exi';
 
     public const M_EXT = 'application/vnd.novadigm.ext';
@@ -2010,6 +2008,20 @@ abstract class MimeType extends Enum
 
     public const M_123 = 'application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3';
 
+    public const M_PEXE = 'vnd.microsoft.portable-executable';
+
+    public const M_EXE = 'application/exe';
+
+    public const M_DEXE = 'application/dos-exe';
+
+    public const M_XEXE = 'application/x-winexe';
+
+    public const M_MDEXE = 'application/msdos-windows';
+
+    public const M_MSP = 'application/x-msdos-program';
+
+    public const M_XMDEXE = 'application/x-msdownload';
+
     /**
      * Get mime from file extension
      *
@@ -2036,7 +2048,6 @@ abstract class MimeType extends Enum
      * @return null|string
      *
      * @since 1.0.0
-     * @todo continue implementation
      */
     public static function mimeToExtension(string $mime) : ?string
     {
@@ -2046,6 +2057,10 @@ abstract class MimeType extends Enum
             case self::M_JPEG:
             case self::M_JPG:
                 return 'jpg';
+            case self::M_PNG:
+                return 'png';
+            case self::M_SVG:
+                return 'svg';
             case self::M_BMP:
                 return 'bmp';
             case self::M_GIF:
@@ -2053,6 +2068,51 @@ abstract class MimeType extends Enum
             case self::M_HTML:
             case self::M_HTM:
                 return 'htm';
+            case self::M_DOCX:
+                return 'docx';
+            case self::M_DOC:
+                return 'doc';
+            case self::M_ODT:
+                return 'odt';
+            case self::M_XLSX:
+                return 'xlsx';
+            case self::M_XLA:
+            case self::M_XLS:
+                return 'xls';
+            case self::M_ODS:
+                return 'ods';
+            case self::M_PPTX:
+                return 'pptx';
+            case self::M_PPT:
+                return 'ppt';
+            case self::M_ODP:
+                return 'odp';
+            case self::M_CSV:
+                return 'csv';
+            case self::M_XML:
+                return 'xml';
+            case self::M_JSON:
+                return 'json';
+            case self::M_ZIP:
+                return 'zip';
+            case self::M_7Z:
+                return '7z';
+            case self::M_RAR:
+                return 'rar';
+            case self::M_TAR:
+                return 'tar';
+            case self::M_MP3:
+                return 'mp3';
+            case self::M_MP4:
+                return 'mp4';
+            case self::M_PEXE:
+            case self::M_EXE:
+            case self::M_DEXE:
+            case self::M_XEXE:
+            case self::M_MDEXE:
+            case self::M_MSP:
+            case self::M_XMDEXE:
+                return 'exe';
             default:
                 return null;
         }

Utils/Barcode/QR.php

@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ class QR extends TwoDAbstract
             $howManuOut = 8 - (self::QR_FIND_FROM_RANDOM % 9);
             for ($i = 0; $i < $howManuOut; ++$i) {
                 // @note: This is why the same content can result in different QR codes
-                $remPos = \mt_rand(0, \count($checked_masks) - 1);
+                $remPos = \array_rand($checked_masks, 1);
                 unset($checked_masks[$remPos]);
                 $checked_masks = \array_values($checked_masks);
             }

Utils/Parser/Markdown/Markdown.php

@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ class Markdown
         if (\strpos($Excerpt['text'], '>') !== false
             && \preg_match("/^<((mailto:)?{$commonMarkEmail})>/i", $Excerpt['text'], $matches)
         ){
-            $url = $matches[1];
+            $url = UriFactory::build($matches[1]);
 
             if (!isset($matches[2]))
             {
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ class Markdown
         if (\strpos($Excerpt['context'], 'http') !== false
             && \preg_match('/\bhttps?+:[\/]{2}[^\s<]+\b\/*+/ui', $Excerpt['context'], $matches, \PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE)
         ) {
-            $url = $matches[0][0];
+            $url = UriFactory::build($matches[0][0]);
 
             return [
                 'extent'   => \strlen($matches[0][0]),
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ class Markdown
 
         if (\strpos($Excerpt['text'], '>') !== false && \preg_match('/^<(\w++:\/{2}[^ >]++)>/i', $Excerpt['text'], $matches))
         {
-            $url = $matches[1];
+            $url = UriFactory::build($matches[1]);
 
             return [
                 'extent'  => \strlen($matches[0]),
@@ -3727,7 +3727,7 @@ class Markdown
 
         if (\preg_match('/^[(]\s*+((?:[^ ()]++|[(][^ )]+[)])++)(?:[ ]+("[^"]*+"|\'[^\']*+\'))?\s*+[)]/', $remainder, $matches))
         {
-            $Element['attributes']['href'] = $matches[1];
+            $Element['attributes']['href'] = UriFactory::build($matches[1]);
 
             if (isset($matches[2]))
             {

Utils/RnG/File.php

@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ class File
             $source = self::$extensions;
         }
 
-        $key = \mt_rand(0, \count($source) - 1);
+        $key = \array_rand($source, 1);
 
-        return $source[$key][\mt_rand(0, \count($source[$key]) - 1)];
+        return $source[$key][\array_rand($source[$key], 1)];
     }
 }

Utils/RnG/Name.php

@@ -493,8 +493,8 @@ class Name
      */
     public static function generateName(array $type, string $origin = 'western') : string
     {
-        $rndType = \mt_rand(0, \count($type) - 1);
+        $rndType = \array_rand($type, 1);
 
-        return self::$names[$origin][$type[$rndType]][\mt_rand(0, \count(self::$names[$origin][$type[$rndType]]) - 1)];
+        return self::$names[$origin][$type[$rndType]][\array_rand(self::$names[$origin][$type[$rndType]], 1)];
     }
 }

Utils/RnG/Phone.php

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ class Phone
 
             $numberString = \str_replace(
                 '$1',
-                (string) $countries[\array_keys($countries)[\mt_rand(0, \count($countries) - 1)]],
+                (string) $countries[\array_rand($countries, 1)],
                 $numberString
             );
         }

tests/Algorithm/Clustering/KmeansTest.php

@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ namespace phpOMS\tests\Algorithm\Clustering;
 use phpOMS\Algorithm\Clustering\Kmeans;
 use phpOMS\Algorithm\Clustering\Point;
 
+include_once __DIR__ . '/../../Autoloader.php';
+
 /**
  * @testdox phpOMS\tests\Algorithm\Clustering\KmeansTest: Clustering points/elements with the K-means algorithm
  *
@@ -34,6 +36,9 @@ final class KmeansTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
         $seed = \mt_rand(\PHP_INT_MIN, \PHP_INT_MAX);
         \mt_srand($seed);
 
+        // The following seed + putting the loop to 1 would fail the test
+        //\mt_srand(1788576141);
+
         $result = false;
 
         // due to the random nature this can be false sometimes?!

tests/Message/Http/HttpResponseTest.php

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ final class HttpResponseTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
     public function testResponseInputOutput() : void
     {
         $this->response->setResponse(['a' => 1]);
-        self::assertEquals(1, $this->response->get('a'));
+        self::assertEquals(1, $this->response->getData('a'));
     }
 
     /**

tests/Message/Http/RestTest.php

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ final class RestTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
         $request = new HttpRequest(new HttpUri('https://httpbin.org/post'));
         $request->setMethod(RequestMethod::POST);
         self::assertTrue($request->setData('pdata', 'abc'));
-        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->get('form')['pdata'] ?? '');
+        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->getData('form')['pdata'] ?? '');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ final class RestTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
         $request = new HttpRequest(new HttpUri('https://httpbin.org/put'));
         $request->setMethod(RequestMethod::PUT);
         self::assertTrue($request->setData('pdata', 'abc'));
-        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->get('form')['pdata'] ?? '');
+        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->getData('form')['pdata'] ?? '');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ final class RestTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
         $request = new HttpRequest(new HttpUri('https://httpbin.org/delete'));
         $request->setMethod(RequestMethod::DELETE);
         self::assertTrue($request->setData('ddata', 'abc'));
-        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->get('form')['ddata'] ?? '');
+        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->getData('form')['ddata'] ?? '');
     }
 
     /**
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ final class RestTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
         $request = new HttpRequest(new HttpUri('https://httpbin.org/get'));
         $request->setMethod(RequestMethod::GET);
         self::assertTrue($request->setData('gdata', 'abc'));
-        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->get('args')['gdata'] ?? '');
+        self::assertEquals('abc', REST::request($request)->getData('args')['gdata'] ?? '');
     }
 
     /**

tests/Message/ResponseAbstractTest.php

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ final class ResponseAbstractTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
      */
     public function testDefault() : void
     {
-        self::assertNull($this->response->get('asdf'));
+        self::assertNull($this->response->getData('asdf'));
         self::assertEquals('', $this->response->getBody());
     }
 
@@ -75,6 +75,6 @@ final class ResponseAbstractTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
     public function testDataInputOutput() : void
     {
         $this->response->set('asdf', false);
-        self::assertFalse($this->response->get('asdf'));
+        self::assertFalse($this->response->getData('asdf'));
     }
 }

tests/Module/ModuleAbstractTest.php

@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ final class ModuleAbstractTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
                 'message'  => 'Test Message!',
                 'response' => [1, 'test string', 'bool' => true],
             ],
-            $response->get('')
+            $response->getData('')
         );
     }
 
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ final class ModuleAbstractTest extends \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
 
         self::assertEquals(
             [1, 'test string', 'bool' => true],
-            $response->get('')
+            $response->getData('')
         );
     }